Ecological and biological features of taxa of the Cupressaceae family in dendrological collections of the dry-steppe region
Keywords:
Decorative, adaptation, Thuja, Juniperus, Platycladus, bioresources, bioecological properties, Cupressaceae, dendrological expositions, taxaAbstract
The urgency is connected with the expansion of green construction in new territories in diverse and often difficult natural and agrotechnical conditions, there is a need for a wide and diverse assortment of tree species in terms of biological and technical properties and the development of differentiated methods of their cultivation. The introduction should be based on a thorough study of the existing experience of introduction and knowledge of the countries - sources of introduction, the history of the formation of a particular species, taking into account the ecological features of habitats, vertical zonality, the existence of geographical and edaphic forms. The aim of the study was to study the ecological and biological features of the taxa of the Cupressaceae Bartl family. in dendrological collections of the dry steppe region. Six woody species of the Cupressaceae family growing in dendrocollections of the Federal Research Center of Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Juniperus virginiana L. have been studied., J. communis L., J. sabina L., Thuja occidentalis L, Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Milb) Franco. The natural areas of the objects of study have been studied. It was revealed that the species of the subfamily Thujoideae are found in both the northern and southern hemispheres, the species of the subfamily
Juniperoideae (genus Juniperus) – in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. Phenological observations revealed that the growth of needles in common juniper began simultaneously with the growth of shoots in late March - early April (1-1.5 months earlier than at home), the period of growth of needles lasted 2-2.5 months, shoots - 135-180 days. During observations of the growth dynamics of seedlings, metric indicators of seedlings were obtained, 1-year-old seedlings Platycladus orientalis - 16-18 cm, Thuja occidentalis - 9-14 cm, J. communis - 10-15 cm, J. sabina - 14-16 cm, Juniperus virginiana - 14-16 cm tall. The analysis of the variability of morphological features and bioecological properties, adaptations in new environmental conditions are of great importance for the bioecological justification of the introduction of woody taxa of the Cupressaceae family into culture. This analysis affects the assessment of the natural diversity of plants from such important aspects as growth rate, stability and decorative properties, information about which is extremely scarce in arid conditions.
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