Assessment of reproductive capacity of representatives of ancestral complexes and especially their selection of seed in dry conditions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25726/NM.2019.66.65.001Keywords:
fertility, breeding and seed, Robinia (Robinia), Gleditsia (honey locust), fruits set has been registered, seed germination, seed propagation, invasion, tolerance, stress factors, protective afforestation, planting, dry steppeAbstract
Representatives of generic systems Robinia, Gleditsia are economically important and promising for degraded arid landscapes of the region, types of plants. Despite this, until recently, there is no information on many types of these generic complexes related to the environmental foundations of seed and their reproductive capacity in light chestnut soils of the Volgograd region. All this is aimed at identifying and expanding promising areas of cultivation for forest reclamation and greening of settlements.
The aim of the research is to study the reproductive capacity of representatives of ancestral complexes Robinia, Gleditsia in the collections of the Federal scientific center for Agroecology Russian Academy of Sciences and the identifying features of their selection of seed for forest reclamation and landscaping of settlements in the dry steppe conditions.
The objects of research were species and forms of the genus Robinia: R. viscosa Vent.; R. neo- mexicana Gray.; R. pseudoacacia L.; R. neo-mexicana x pseudoacacia and Gleditsia (G. triacanthos L., G. triacanthos L. f. inermis, G. caspica Desf, G. texana Sarg., G. aquatica, G. japonica, G. caspica, G. sinensis), growing in the cluster areas of collections of FSC Agroecology RAS, cadastre No34:34:000000:122, 34:34:060061:10.
The development of the principles of seed breeding is based on the study of reproductive characteristics of the allocated for the targeted use of their own bioresources, taking into account the possibilities of a comprehensive study of generative qualities and assessment of biological potential.
It was found that the stability of fruiting is fixed a few years after entering the generative phase: Robinia and Gleditsia – 6-7 years. The first flowering in Gleditsia triacanthos and G. texana, G. aquatica was observed at the age of 5 years, G. japonica – 6, G. caspica and G. sinensis – 8 years.
Fruit setability depends not only on the age of the plant, but also on weather conditions during flowering. Seed productivity is affected by the amount of precipitation and the amount of active temperatures during the ripening period. The formation of larger fruits and seeds is observed in the age of 15 years.
As a result of studies (2017-2019), the influence of limiting factors on the biological potential of flowering, fruiting and seed production to determine the areas of their cultivation was revealed.
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