Relevance of enrichment of landscaping plantings with lianas in the conditions of urban ecosystems of the Saratov region
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25726/worldjournals.pro/WEJ.2019.2.2Keywords:
vertical gardening, vines, condition, stability, urban ecosystems, decorative, settlements, Saratov, Atkarsk, Saratov regionAbstract
Vertical gardening with different types of vines in modern conditions is important aesthetic and sanitary-hygienic value. It is especially important to address the issues of enrichment of the flora of urban areas with vines in the steppe regions due to poor species composition and a sharp deterioration of the ecological situation.
The objects of research were 7 species of lianas, various life forms (annual, perennial), growing in the settlements of the Saratov region (Atkarsk, Saratov).
The aim of the research is to study the ecological and biological features and reclamation properties of vines and identify the prospects for their use in vertical gardening residential areas of the Saratov region.
In the study, species composition was the most popular species of annual vines: morning glory red-blue (Ipomea tricolor (L.) Roth) and purple morning glory (Ipomea purpurea (L.) Roth), the fragrant pea (Lathyrus edoratus L.), nasturtium (Tropacolum peregrinum L.) and runner beans (Phaseolus coccineus). Most (70%) of them grow in restricted areas.
Studied species of vines in the study regions reach average natural performance (with proper care), have good indicators of vital condition, bloom abundantly and bear fruit.
When exposed to toxicants of different concentrations on the leaf blades of vines established their degree of stability. It was revealed that the annual vines are better used for decorative purposes, and not in the sanitary-hygienic. A comparative assessment of annual species with perennial vines (maiden grapes and clematis Tangut) shows the stability of perennial species (an average of 3 points-40%).
The options and decorative compositions with the participation of herbaceous vines. According to the degree of decoration of the allocated annual vine – Ipomea tricolor, I. purpurea (37 – 41 points), the average degree of differ – Lathyrus edoratus (33 points), Tropacolum peregrinum (30 points) and Phaseolus coccineus (20 to 27 points).
The advantage of perennial vines is their resistance to sudden changes in climatic conditions (40 %) compared to annual forms. Therefore, they are more preferable for greening the urban environment.
To enhance the decorative effect in the seasonal aspect, it is recommended to combine the expansion of species and form diversity of plants (perennial and annual lianas, tree and shrub, floral vegetation).
It is established that the climatic conditions of the steppe and forest-steppe zone within the Saratov region are quite favorable for the normal growth and development of tree and shrub vegetation, including herbaceous lianas.
Thus, the reasonable use of wood vines in combination with traditional types of plantings will create comfortable living conditions for the population, regulate the optimal temperature balance and create favorable microclimatic conditions.
References
2. Voronin A.I. Enciklopediya Saratovskogo kraya / Glav. red. A.I. Voronin. – Saratov: Privolzhskoe kn. Izd-vo, 2002. – 688 s.
3. Golovkova T.M. Ocenka sostoyaniya atmosfernogo vozduha na avtomagistralyah g. Saratova // Ekologicheskie problemy promyshlennyh gorodov: sb. nauch. trudov. – Saratov, 2003. – S. 46-48.
4. Denisov V.N. Blagoustrojstvo territorii zhiloj zastrojki / V.N. Denisov. – SPb.: MANEB, 2006. – 224 s.
5. Diagnostika ustojchivosti rastenij k stressovym vozdejstviyam. – M., 1988. – 55 s.
6. Zavadskaya L.V. Vertikal'noe ozelenenie / L.V. Zavadskaya. – M.: Izd. Dom MSP, 2005. – 128 s.
7. Ishutina E.I. Sravnitel'nyj analiz ispol'zovaniya mnogoletnih i odnoletnih lian dlya vertikal'nogo ozeleneniya v g. Saratove / A.V. Tereshkin, A.L. Kalmykova, E.I. Ishutina // Vestnik Saratovskogo Gosagrouniversiteta im. N.I. Vavilova – 2014. - № 6. – S. 35-37.
8. Kalmykova A.L. Sostoyanie lian v vertikal'nom ozelenenii naselennyh punktov Povolzh'ya / A.L. Kalmykova. – Saratov: IC «RATA», 2009. – 128 s.
9. Kozlovskij B.L. V'yushchiesya rasteniya v dizajne sada / B.L. Kozlovskij, T.K. Ogorodnikova, M.N. Kuropyatnikov, O.I. Fedorinova. – M.: IKC «MarT», Rostov n/d: Izdatel'skij centr «MarT», 2007. – 96 s.
10. Podkolzin M.M. Izuchenie vliyaniya drevesnyh rastenij na formirovanie fitosredy urbanizirovannyh territorij v usloviyah tekhnogennoj nagruzki / M.M. Podkolzin, A.V. Semenyutina, I.P. Svincov // Reputaciologiya. 2016. №1(39). S. 46-55.
11. Pravila sozdaniya, ohrany i soderzhaniya zelenyh nasazhdenij v gorodah Rossijskoj Federacii – Rossiya : utverzhdeno prikazom Gosstroya RF 15 dekabrya 1999 g. N 153. – M., 2013. – 160 s.
12. CHernyshenko O.V. Poglotitel'naya sposobnost' i gazoustojchivost' drevesnyh rastenij v usloviyah goroda / O.V. CHernyshenko. – M.: MGUL, 2002. – 120 s.
13. Lohs K. Luftverunreinigung als chemister stress / K. Lohs // Umwelt-Stress. Wiss. Beilr. Halle; Wittenberg, 1982. Bd. 35. S. 16-25.
14. Marczyński S. Brother Stefan Franczak and his clematis – http:// www.clematis.com.pl.
15. Semenyutina A.V., Podkovyrov I. Y., Huzhahmetova A. Sh., Semenyutina V. A., Podkovyrova G. V. Mathematical justification of the selection of woody plants biodiversity in the reconstruction of objects of gardening // International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics. – 2016. – T. 110. №2. – S. 361-368.
16. Semenyutina A.V., Podkovyrova G.V., Khuzhahmetova A.Sh., Svintsov I.P., Semenyutina V. A., Podkovyrov I. Yu. Engineering implementation of landscaping of low-forest regions // International journal of mechanical engineering and technology. – 2018. – Vol.9. Issue 10. – pp. 1415-1422.
17. Semenyutina A.V. Regulations of safe and sustainable use of biodiversity of woody plants in protective afforestation / A.V. Semenyutina, I.P. Svintsov, A.Sh. Huzhahmetova, V.A. Semenyutina // Journal of Agriculture and Environment. – 2018. – №3(7). http://jae.cifra.science/article/ view/93 Data accessed: 16 July 2018. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.23649/ jae.2018.3.7.3.
18. Semenyutina A.V., Semenyutina V.A., Khuzhakhmetova A.Sh., Svintsov I.P. The Decrease in the Concentration of formaldehyde in the environment of Aluminosilicate Sorbents // Key Engineering materials. – 2019. – №802. DOI https://doi.org/10.4028/ www.scientific.net/ KEM.802.57.
19. Flowerlib.ru / Principy cvetochno-dekorativnogo oformleniya balkonov [Elektronnyj resurs] Dostup: http://flowerlib.ru/books/item/f00/s00/z0000038/st008.shtml (data obrashcheniya 01.06.2014).
