Monitoring of the carbon balance of forest ecosystems as an indicator of sustainability in the face of climate change
Keywords:
carbon balance, monitoring of forest ecosystems, climate change, carbon depositionAbstract
Global climate change has a significant impact on the functioning of forest ecosystems, which play a key role in regulating the carbon cycle. This study is devoted to the development and testing of a comprehensive methodology for monitoring the carbon balance of boreal forests in the Russian Federation, reflecting the dynamics of their sustainability in a changing climate. Based on long-term observations (2015-2023), quantitative parameters of carbon fluxes and their seasonal variability have been established in 47 sample areas covering the main types of forest communities. Correlations between the intensity of carbon runoff, climatic factors and the level of anthropogenic load have been determined. The results of the study indicate that with an increase in the average annual temperature by 1.2 °C during the observation period, the carbon deposition function of the studied ecosystems decreased by 8.7%, while significant spatial heterogeneity of this indicator was recorded (coefficient of variation 27.3%). A system of indicators for the sustainability of forest ecosystems has been developed based on the ratio of carbon balance components, which makes it possible to rank territories according to the degree of vulnerability to climate change. Practical recommendations have been formulated for optimizing forestry measures aimed at maintaining and enhancing the carbon-absorbing capacity of forests. The proposed methodological approach provides a comprehensive assessment of the current state and forecasting of the dynamics of the carbon balance of forest ecosystems, which forms the scientific basis for developing strategies for adaptation to climate change and achieving the goals of sustainable forest management.
References
Замолодчиков Д.Г., Грабовский В.И., Краев Г.Н. Динамика бюджета углерода лесов России за два последних десятилетия // Лесоведение. 2011. № 6. С. 16-28.
Карелин Д.В., Почикалов А.В., Замолодчиков Д.Г., Гитарский М.Л. Факторы пространственно-временной изменчивости потоков CO₂ из почв южнотаежного ельника на Валдае // Лесоведение. 2014. № 4. С. 56-66.
Швиденко А.З., Щепащенко Д.Г. Углеродный бюджет лесов России // Сибирский лесной журнал. 2014. № 1. С. 69-92.
Bonan G.B. Forests and climate change: Forcings, feedbacks, and the climate benefits of forests // Science. 2008. Vol. 320. pp. 1444-1449. DOI: 10.1126/science.1155121.
Bond-Lamberty B., Thomson A. Temperature-associated increases in the global soil respiration record // Nature. 2010. Vol. 464. pp. 579-582. DOI: 10.1038/nature08930.
Dolman A.J., Shvidenko A., Schepaschenko D., Ciais P., Tchebakova N., Chen T., van der Molen M.K., Belelli Marchesini L., Maximov T.C., Maksyutov S., Schulze E.-D. An estimate of the terrestrial carbon budget of Russia using inventory-based, eddy covariance and inversion methods // Biogeosciences. 2012. Vol. 9. pp. 5323-5340. DOI: 10.5194/bg-9-5323-2012.
Gauthier S., Bernier P., Kuuluvainen T., Shvidenko A.Z., Schepaschenko D.G. Boreal forest health and global change // Science. 2015. Vol. 349. pp. 819-822. DOI: 10.1126/science.aaa9092.
Köster E., Köster K., Berninger F., Aaltonen H., Zhou X., Pumpanen J. Carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide fluxes from a fire chronosequence in subarctic boreal forests of Canada // Science of the Total Environment. 2017. Vol. 601-602. pp. 895-905. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.246.
Kurganova I.N., Lopes de Gerenyu V.O., Rozanova L.N., Sapronov D.V., Myakshina T.N., Kudeyarov V.N. Annual and seasonal CO₂ fluxes from Russian southern taiga soils // Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology. 2003. Vol. 55B. № 2. pp. 338-344. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0889.2003.00047.x.
Kurz W.A., Dymond C.C., Stinson G., Rampley G.J., Neilson E.T., Carroll A.L., Ebata T., Safranyik L. Mountain pine beetle and forest carbon feedback to climate change // Nature. 2008. Vol. 452. pp. 987-990. DOI: 10.1038/nature06777.
Luyssaert S., Schulze E.-D., Börner A., Knohl A., Hessenmöller D., Law B.E., Ciais P., Grace J. Old-growth forests as global carbon sinks // Nature. 2008. Vol. 455. pp. 213-215. DOI: 10.1038/nature07276.
Pan Y., Birdsey R.A., Fang J., Houghton R., Kauppi P.E., Kurz W.A., Phillips O.L., Shvidenko A., Lewis S.L., Canadell J.G., Ciais P., Jackson R.B., Pacala S.W., McGuire A.D., Piao S., Rautiainen A., Sitch S., Hayes D. A large and persistent carbon sink in the world's forests // Science. 2011. Vol. 333. № 6045. pp. 988-993. DOI: 10.1126/science.1201609.
Reich P.B., Sendall K.M., Stefanski A., Wei X., Rich R.L., Montgomery R.A. Boreal and temperate trees show strong acclimation of respiration to warming // Nature. 2016. Vol. 531. pp. 633-636. DOI: 10.1038/nature17142.
Schuur E.A.G., McGuire A.D., Schädel C., Grosse G., Harden J.W., Hayes D.J., Hugelius G., Koven C.D., Kuhry P., Lawrence D.M., Natali S.M., Olefeldt D., Romanovsky V.E., Schaefer K., Turetsky M.R., Treat C.C., Vonk J.E. Climate change and the permafrost carbon feedback // Nature. 2015. Vol. 520. pp. 171-179. DOI: 10.1038/nature14338.
Valentini R., Matteucci G., Dolman A.J., Schulze E.-D., Rebmann C., Moors E.J., Granier A., Gross P., Jensen N.O., Pilegaard K., Lindroth A., Grelle A., Bernhofer C., Grünwald T., Aubinet M., Ceulemans R., Kowalski A.S., Vesala T., Rannik Ü., Berbigier P., Loustau D., Guomundsson J., Thorgeirsson H., Ibrom A., Morgenstern K., Clement R., Moncrieff J., Montagnani L., Minerbi S., Jarvis P.G. Respiration as the main determinant of carbon balance in European forests // Nature. 2000. Vol. 404. pp. 861-865. DOI: 10.1038/35009084.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
